Contextual Teaching Materials Development and Its Impact on Science Learning Outcomes
Abstract
This study aimed to develop contextual-based science teaching materials on the topic of pressure and to evaluate their validity, practicality, and effectiveness in improving students’ science learning outcomes at YHS Christian Junior High School Makassar. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the 4-D model, consisting of the Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate stages. The effectiveness of the developed teaching materials was examined using a quasi-experimental design involving an experimental group and a control group. The field testing involved 30 Grade IX students, consisting of 16 students in the experimental group and 14 students in the control group. Data were collected using expert validation sheets, teacher practicality questionnaires, and students’ learning achievement tests. The validation results indicated that the developed teaching materials achieved an average Aiken’s V coefficient of 0.90, indicating high validity. The practitioners’ evaluation yielded an average practicality score of 92.91%, categorizing the teaching materials as very practical. The effectiveness analysis showed that students who learned using contextual-based teaching materials achieved higher learning outcomes than those who learned using conventional teaching materials. The Independent Samples t-test revealed a calculated t-value of 6.15, which exceeded the critical t-value of 1.40 at the 5% significance level, indicating a statistically significant difference between the two groups. These findings demonstrate that the developed contextual-based science teaching materials are valid, practical, and effective in improving junior high school students’ science learning outcomes.
References
Abdullaha, L., Baroud, N., Alsaeh, F., Alouzi, K., Shalghoum, N., Abdullah, M., & Nashihin, H. (2026). Advancing sustainable development goals through Islamic education: A mixed-methods study among scientific disciplines at the University of Zawia. Amorti: Jurnal Studi Islam Interdisipliner, 42-58. https://doi.org/10.59944/amorti.v5i1.589
Adam, U. A., Lameed, S. N., Owolabi, T., Onowugbeda, F. U., Oladejo, A. I., Okebukola, P. A., & Mustapha, G. A. (2026). The potency of culture, technology, and context in a biology classroom: Culturo-Techno-Contextual Approach in action. International Journal of Science Education, 48(2), 288-313. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2024.2405667
Aldya, R. F., Trisnawati, A. V. W., & Zuni, M. (2022). Pengembangan modul kontekstual pembelajaran IPA pada materi struktur dan fungsi tumbuhan untuk siswa sekolah menengah pertama. Pendidikan Biologi, Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi.
Alsulami, N. M. (2025). Improving Learning Quality: Teachers' Perspectives on Learning Problems and Recommended Solutions in Indonesia. Educational Process: International Journal, 16, e2025238.
Astiti, K. A., Yusniati, & Yusuf. (2018). Pengaruh penggunaan bahan ajar berbasis kontekstual terhadap peningkatan pemahaman konsep fisika siswa materi suhu dan kalor. Universitas Nusa Cendana.
Azizi, N. D., Albab, A. W., & Chotimah, C. (2026). Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Model to Improve Reading and Writing Literacy Skills of Elementary School Students. Social Journal of Studies in Education, 2(01), 31-46.
Azwar, S. (2015). Reliabilitas dan validitas. Pustaka Belajar.
Barker, A. M., Cristancho, S. M., Stalmeijer, R. E., Konopasky, A. W., & Varpio, L. (2026). A picture's worth a thousand words: enhancing qualitative data collection with rich pictures. Anatomical Sciences Education, 19(1), 130-143. https://doi.org/10.1002/ase.70033
Bawaneh, A. K., Aldalalah, O. M. A., Al-Salman, S. M., & Mahmoud, E. (2026). STEM teachers are the future educators: The effectiveness of the STEM approach in preparing cycle-one teachers and their perceptions towards the approach. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 22(3), em2791.
Cayabas Jr, J. P., & Sumeg-ang, D. A. (2023). Challenges and interventions in developing instructional materials: Perspectives of public school teachers in basic education. International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies, 6(4), 849-855.
Chen, G., Zhou, Y., Wang, H., Oubibi, M., & Li, Y. (2026). “CAI-AR” instructional model: an ACT-R theory-based investigation of how students conduct scientific inquiry through augmented reality technology. Education and Information Technologies, 31(1), 301-334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-025-13815-y
Cheng, M., Lai, X., Zeng, W., Bai, S., Duan, C., & Sun, D. (2026). Unlocking the power of gamification in K-12 STEM education: A meta-analysis of the effects on domain knowledge, higher-order thinking, and affective outcomes. Educational Psychology Review, 38(1), 60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-026-10148-1
Corpuz, A. M., San Andres, T. C., & Lagasca, J. M. (2022). Integration of environmental education (EE) in teacher education programs: Toward sustainable curriculum greening. Problems of Education in the 21st Century, 80(1), 119.
Danial, L., Koenen, J., & Tiemann, R. (2026). Critical thinking performance assessment in an undergraduate physical chemistry laboratory course: Developing a contextual critical thinking coding manual. American Journal of Qualitative Research, 10(1), 37-60. https://doi.org/10.29333/ajqr/17367
Erfiyana, E., Kartika, I., & Arifudin, O. (2026). Transformational Leadership of School Principals in Developing Islamic Education in Elementary Madrasahs. International Journal Of Science Education and Technology Management (IJSETM), 5(1), 32-44.
Gadekallu, T. R., Yenduri, G., Kaluri, R., Rajput, D. S., Lakshmanna, K., Fang, K., ... & Wang, W. (2025). The role of GPT in promoting inclusive higher education for people with various learning disabilities: A review. PeerJ Computer Science, 11, e2400.
Gustina, L., Rusdi, & Siagian, T. A. (2020). Penerapan pendekatan kontekstual untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika kelas VII SMPN 9 Kota Bengkulu. Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran Matematika Sekolah (JP2MS), 4(3), 416–424. https://doi.org/10.33369/jp2ms.4.3.416-424
Hadiprayitno, G., Muhlis, Raksun, A., Artayasa, I. P., & Sukri, A. (2024). Developing context-based teaching materials and their effects on students’ scientific literacy skills. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 14(1), 226–233. https://doi.org/10.47750/pegegog.14.01.25
Handayani, F. (2026). Rahmatan lil Alamin-Oriented Development Design of the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project Based on the Three Educational Centers in Building Student Character. AL GHAZALI: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pemikiran Islam, 6(1), 152-169. https://doi.org/10.69900/ag.v6i1.547
Karimah, L. (2022). Pengembangan bahan ajar fisika berbasis kontekstual dengan memasukan literasi sains pada materi termodinamika kelas XI siswa SMA/MA [Universitas PGRI Semarang]. https://journal.upgris.ac.id/index.php/upt/article/view/12019
Khoirunnisaa, K., & Amidib. (2022). Kajian teori: Pengembangan bahan ajar berbasis pendekatan realistic mathematics education dengan model CORE dan strategi outdoor learning untuk meningkatkan kemampuan koneksi matematis. Universitas Negeri Semarang, Sekaran, Gunungpati, Kota Semarang.
Kotsis, K. T. (2025). From Theory to Practice: Exploring Students’ Everyday Use of Physics Knowledge. European Journal of Contemporary Education and E-Learning, 3(5), 59-76.
Marlina, R., Furwanti, E., Krismayanti, Y., & Adiningsih, N. U. (2026). Strategic Educational Management in the Age of Disruption: Integrating Innovation, Leadership, and Learning Excellence. Socius: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 3(9), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19522427
Mukhtar, S., Shodoqin, M., & Ratnawati, I. (2026). Human Resource Development in the Digital Era: A Transformation and Competence Adaptation. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 14(1), 805-816. https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v14i1.4767
Mulyadi, R. (2015). Pengaruh pemanfaatan e-learning menggunakan Portal Rumah Belajar Kemendikbud terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam.
Nadhifah, N., Wahyuni, S., & Wicaksono, I. (2025). Development of context-based science learning modules to improve students’ scientific literacy. IJEIT, 8(1). https://jurnal.peneliti.net/index.php/IJEIT/article/view/10846
Nasution, N. N. A., Santoso, I. Y., Habibi, Suprapto, N., Hidaayatullaah, H. N., & Putri, P. O. M. K. (2024). Integrating Rebana-based local wisdom into physics learning: Analyzing students’ science literacy by region. Studies in Philosophy of Science and Education, 5(3), 136–149. https://doi.org/10.46627/sipose.v5i3.678
Nggia, S. G., Kua, M. Y., & Laksana, D. N. L. (2023). Pengembangan bahan ajar IPA berbasis kontekstual materi tekanan zat dan penerapannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari bagi siswa SMP kelas VIII. Jurnal Citra Pendidikan, 708–714. https://jurnal.citrabakti.ac.id/index.php/jcp/article/view/1104
Ningtyas, A. W., Aulia, A. S., & Rahmadhan, P. A. (2022). Penerapan pembelajaran IPA terpadu tingkat SMP kelas 8 sebagai landasan ketercapaian pembelajaran IPA. Universitas Indraprasta PGRI.
Oktavianti, I. N., Budiwati, T. R., Prayogi, I., & Hidayah, I. N. (2026). Students’ attitudes, challenges, and needs in English reading comprehension: foundations for AI-integrated corpus-based language pedagogy. Discover Education.
Paudi, F., & Ngaito, O. (2026). Pengembangan bahan ajar berbasis kontekstual untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa. INPAUD, 3(1). https://ejournal.aripi.or.id/index.php/inpaud/issue/view/60
Ragadhita, R., Fiandini, M., Al Husaeni, D. N., & Nandiyanto, A. B. D. (2026). Sustainable development goals (SDGs) in engineering education: Definitions, research trends, bibliometric insights, and strategic approaches. Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology, 11(1), 1-26.
Rahmawati, I., & Turista, D. D. R. (2026). The Trend of Biology Learning Innovation for Strengthening 21st Century Skills to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 12(1), 29-40.
Ramadhani, F. P., Ningtyas, M. L., & Sholekhah, T. R. (2026). Optimizing the Professional Competence of Islamic Religious Education Teachers in Implementing the Kurikulum Merdeka at Senior High School Level. Indonesian Journal of Islamic Religious Education, 1(1), 30-35.
Ramlawati. (2022). Pengaruh model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing dan minat belajar terhadap hasil belajar IPA-Fisika. Program Pasca Sarjana UNM Makassar.
Ridwan, M., Ritonga, M., & Julhadi, J. (2026). Multicultural Education and the Reinforcement of Character Education: A Critical Review of Concepts, Theories, and Educational Approaches. AL GHAZALI: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pemikiran Islam, 6(2), 704-718. https://doi.org/10.69900/ag.v6i2.559
Sannert, R., van Driel, J., & Krell, M. (2026). Can content representation (core) accurately capture key components of science teachers’ PCK? A methodological perspective. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 37(1), 109-133. https://doi.org/10.1080/1046560X.2025.2516293
Saparuddin, M., Masruhim, M. A., & Komariyah, L. (2026). The Strategic Role of Policy in Advancing Educational Management. Journal of Educational Management Research, 5(1), 125-135.
Sugiyono. (2014). Metode penelitian pendidikan: Pendekatan kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Tambak, S., bin Fatah, M. D. U. H., Lubis, F. S., & Tambak, F. A. M. (2026). Negotiating authority and innovation: project-based learning and the changing professional landscape of madrasah teachers. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam Al-Thariqah, 11(1), 21-39. https://doi.org/10.25299/althariqah.2026.vol11(1).27544
Wawire, B. A., Kiambati, F., Muhia, N., Gathoni, G., & Abuya, B. (2026). Competence-based curriculum implementation in Africa: a scoping review of pedagogical and assessment practices. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 1-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220272.2025.2523429
Widiastuti, N. L. G. K. (2020). Pengembangan bahan ajar IPA berbasis kontekstual dengan konsep Tri Hita Karana untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa. https://journal.universitaspahlawan.ac.id
Zulfainar. (2024). Pengembangan bahan ajar fisika berbasis SETS (Science, Environment, Technologi and Society) untuk meningkatkan kreatifitas peserta didik. Program Pasca Sarjana UNM Makassar.
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal La Edusci
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
