Numerical Study of Cavitation Phenomenon in a Venturi Tube

Muhammad Nanda Fatur Rachman; Damora  Rhakasywi; Fahrudin Fahrudin

doi:10.37899/journallamultiapp.v5i4.1432

Muhammad Nanda Fatur Rachman Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Indonesia
Damora Rhakasywi Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8844-3508
Fahrudin Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37899/journallamultiapp.v5i4.1432

Keywords: Numerical Studies, Cavitation Phenomenon, Venturi Tube, Throat Length Changes, Pressure Changes

Abstract

This research aims to understand and numerically analyze the cavitation phenomenon that occurs in Venturi tubes with variations in throat length and pressure changes. This research uses Ansys Fluent 2023 R2 numerical simulation with venturi tube geometries of 25 mm, 30 mm, and 35 mm and pressures of 300,000, 600,000, and 900,000 Pa. A multiphase flow model with water liquid and water vapor is applied to predict cavitation using a mixture model. RANS steady state conditions with the k-ε turbulence model are used to solve the continuity, momentum, energy and volume fraction equations. The Schnerr-Sauer cavitation model calculates the phase transition between water-liquid and water vapor. Geometry varies by reference journal with different converging and diverging angles, outlined in tables and figures. 2D simulations are carried out using a pressure based solver with specified boundary conditions, using the Presto! for pressure solutions, and upwind and Quick schemes for discretization. The results of this research show that 1) Length throat 25 mm has the most stable distribution compared to 30 and 35 mm geometries at a pressure of 600,000 Pa. 2) The cavitation phenomenon is influenced by changes in geometry where at 35 mm geometry greater cavitation occurs in the area near the wall inlet convergent. 3) At a pressure of 900,000 Pa, the cavitation area that forms becomes larger and becomes a critical point in this journal.

References

Ahad, J., Farooq, A., Siddique, W., Ahmed, A., Ahmad, M., Waheed, K., ... & Irfan, N. (2022). Influence of variation in converging section and orifice plane on the performance of venturi scrubber by using CFD. Progress in Nuclear Energy, 151, 104323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnucene.2022.104323

Khan, Z. A., Jain, N., & Anbu Kumar, S. (2022). Optimization of convergent angle of the Venturi meter for best coefficient of discharge. Water Supply, 22(12), 9023-9040. https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2022.381

Abbasi, E., Saadat, S., Jashni, A. K., & Shafaei, M. H. (2020). A novel method for optimization of slit Venturi dimensions through CFD simulation and RSM design. Ultrasonics sonochemistry, 67, 105088. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105088

Xie, C., Liu, J., Jiang, J. W., & Huang, W. X. (2021). Numerical study on wetted and cavitating tip-vortical flows around an elliptical hydrofoil: Interplay of cavitation, vortices, and turbulence. Physics of Fluids, 33(9). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0064717

Wilson, D. A., Pun, K., Ganesan, P. B., & Hamad, F. (2021). Geometrical optimization of a venturi-type microbubble generator using CFD simulation and experimental measurements. Designs, 5(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/designs5010004

Park, Y., & Song, T. (2022, March). Plasma arc simulation of high voltage circuit breaker with a hybrid 2D/3D model. In 2022 6th International Conference on Electric Power Equipment-Switching Technology (ICEPE-ST) (pp. 190-193). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEPE-ST51904.2022.9757101

Simanto, R. I. A., Hong, J. W., Kim, K. S., Ahn, B. K., & Shin, S. (2022). Experimental investigation on cavitation and induced noise of two-dimensional hydrofoils with leading-edge protuberances. Physics of Fluids, 34(12). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0127170

Zhang, J., Zhao, W., Liu, H., & Xi, G. (2022). Numerical study of surfactant effects on the rise of a single bubble and two coaxial bubbles. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 137, 106284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2022.106284

Ramos, M. C., Costa, A. L., Silva, V. V. A., Lima, C. P. B., & Veloso, M. A. F. (2023). Numerical simulation and validation of laminar flow through a 2D pipe using computational fluid dynamics. Brazilian Journal of Development, 9(10), 28793-28807. https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv9n10-084

Rodio, M. G. (2011). Numerical and experimental investigation of water and cryogenic cavitating flows (Doctoral dissertation, Università degli studi di Lecce).

Chakraborty, B., Gallo, M., Marengo, M., De Coninck, J., Casciola, C. M., Miche, N., & Georgoulas, A. (2024). Multi-scale modelling of boiling heat transfer: Exploring the applicability of an enhanced volume of fluid method in sub-micron scales. International Journal of Thermofluids, 22, 100683. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijft.2024.100683

Wang, L., Ji, B., Cheng, H., Wang, J., & Long, X. (2020). One-dimensional/three-dimensional analysis of transient cavitating flow in a venturi tube with special emphasis on cavitation excited pressure fluctuation prediction. Science China Technological Sciences, 63(2), 223-233. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-019-9556-6

Huang, J., Sun, L., Mo, Z., Feng, Y., Bao, J., & Tang, J. (2021). Experimental investigation on the effect of throat size on bubble transportation and breakup in small Venturi channels. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 142, 103737. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2021.103737

Liu, Y., & Li, B. (2023). Numerical Investigation of the Cavitation Characteristics in Venturi Tubes: The Role of Converging and Diverging Sections. Applied Sciences, 13(13), 7476. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13137476

Simpson, A., & Ranade, V. V. (2019). 110th Anniversary: comparison of cavitation devices based on linear and swirling flows: hydrodynamic characteristics. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 58(31), 14488-14509. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02757

Sloteman, D. P., Redding, J., & Cooper, P. (2013, July). Evaluation and Analysis of an Early Inducer Design and Its Approach to Backflow Control. In Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting (Vol. 55553, p. V01BT10A018). American Society of Mechanical Engineers. https://doi.org/10.1115/FEDSM2013-16303

Zemanová, L., & Rudolf, P. (2020). Flow inside the sidewall gaps of hydraulic machines: a review. Energies, 13(24), 6617. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13246617

Zheng, H., Zheng, Y., & Zhu, J. (2022). Recent developments in hydrodynamic cavitation reactors: Cavitation mechanism, reactor design, and applications. Engineering, 19, 180-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2022.04.027

Sarraf, S. S., Talabazar, F. R., Namli, I., Maleki, M., Aghdam, A. S., Gharib, G., ... & Koşar, A. (2022). Fundamentals, biomedical applications and future potential of micro-scale cavitation-a review. Lab on a Chip, 22(12), 2237-2258. DOI https://doi.org/10.1039/D2LC00169A

Kadivar, E., Rezaee, S., Löschner, U., & el Moctar, O. (2024). Effects of Materials and Riblets on Erosion Mitigation Induced by Multiple Collapses of Cavitation Bubbles. Applied Sciences, 14(15), 6452. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14156452

Román-Ancheyta, R., Kolář, M., Guarnieri, G., & Filip, R. (2021). Enhanced steady-state coherence via repeated system-bath interactions. Physical Review A, 104(6), 062209. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.104.062209

Omelyanyuk, M., Ukolov, A., Pakhlyan, I., Bukharin, N., & El Hassan, M. (2022). Experimental and numerical study of cavitation number limitations for hydrodynamic cavitation inception prediction. Fluids, 7(6), 198. https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids7060198