Journal La Medihealtico

Role of Tongue Print Examination in Forensic Odontology Identification

Fadhilah Rusmaputeri — 2025-03-10

The tongue is a part of the oral cavity that is easy to examine. The tongue is very well protected from the external environment so that it can be adequately examined even though some other body organs have been damaged. The tongue has identical characteristics in each individual, so it can be used to identify a person. Several studies have been conducted, it has been found that there is a tendency for particular features of the shape, size, and structure of the tongue to be different in men and women. Therefore, it can be utilized by forensic odontologists as a support in an individual identification process.

Analysis of the Differences in the Quality of Life of Pulmonary Tb and Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Zulfi Wirman Hadi — 2025-03-10

The low quality of life of pulmonary TB sufferers is in physical, psychological and social aspects, while diabetes mellitus sufferers show a better quality of life. Social stigma, limited social support, and stress due to complex illnesses and treatments are also problems that affect patients' mental and emotional conditions. This study used a comparative design to compare the quality of life of individuals with TB and DM at the Meninting Community Health Center UPT. Data collection in July 2024 with a cross-sectional design. The findings of this research are that there is a significant difference in the quality of life between pulmonary TB and diabetes mellitus (DM) sufferers in the Meninting Community Health Center UPT Working Area, West Lombok Regency. DM sufferers tend to have a better quality of life in physical, psychological, social and environmental health indicators compared to pulmonary TB sufferers. This can be caused by factors such as social support, physical abilities, and living environment. This study shows the need for more intensive attention to pulmonary TB sufferers in improving the quality of life, especially in social and environmental aspects, in order to improve welfare conditions.

Hearing Screening in Infants in the Work Area Community Health Center

Ahmad Ardhani Pratama Anwar — 2025-03-10

The objectives of this study include, 1. Knowing the description of the results of OAE examination in babies born at Padanglampe Health Center, Pangkep Regency based on the sex of the baby. 2. Knowing the description of the results of OAE examination in babies born at Padanglampe Health Center, Pangkep Regency based on the age of the baby when they came for the examination. The subjects of this study were infants aged less than 24 months who were born at the Padanglampe health center, Pangkep district and met the inclusion criteria that had been set. The data collection method was in the form of hearing measurements using an OAE device to determine the presence of hearing disorders. The results obtained, there were research subjects consisting of 4 male people (44.44%) and 5 female people (55.55%). The age of the respondents who participated was less than 12 months as many as 8 people and more than 12 months as many as 1 person. The conclusion obtained, there was 1 child who had a referral result in the examination using OAE from a total of 9 people who were examined. The age range of children who had referral results was less than 3 years with female gender. The age of the babies who were examined varied, including 3 children aged less than 3 months, 1 child aged 3 months to less than 6 months, 4 children aged 6 months to less than 12 months, and 1 child aged 12 months to less than 24 months.

Sepsis and Septic Shock in Pregnancy

Nurul Islamy — 2025-03-10

Sepsis during pregnancy is a critical condition that leads to organ dysfunction due to an abnormal response to infection. It remains a significant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports a global prevalence of 4.4% of live births affected by maternal sepsis, with varying incidences across countries. Sepsis ranks among the top five causes of maternal deaths globally, contributing to 12.7% of pregnancy-related mortality in the United States. The physiological changes during pregnancy, such as increased blood volume and immune response modulation, create conditions that make pregnant individuals more susceptible to infections, complicating the timely diagnosis of sepsis. Due to these physiological differences, common sepsis screening tools like qSOFA and SOFA are often inadequate in pregnant patients, highlighting the need for specialized diagnostic and management strategies. Early detection and timely treatment are essential to improving maternal outcomes. Several screening tools, such as the Maternal Early Warning Trigger (MEWT) tool, have been designed to aid in the early identification of deteriorating maternal health. Once sepsis is suspected, prompt antibiotic therapy, fluid resuscitation, and vasopressor support are critical to prevent progression to septic shock. Additionally, controlling the infection source through surgical intervention or drainage may be necessary. Despite advances in sepsis management, challenges remain, particularly in identifying and treating sepsis in pregnant patients due to overlapping symptoms with normal pregnancy changes. Therefore, early recognition and appropriate intervention are key to reducing the impact of sepsis during pregnancy.

Tuberculosis in Pregnancy

Anastasia Mariane Lumentut — 2025-03-10

Tuberculosis (TB) during pregnancy presents significant risks to both the mother and fetus, including complications such as abortion, preterm birth, low birth weight, and postpartum hemorrhage. The immune changes in pregnancy, particularly the shift in TH1/TH2 balance, increase the risk of latent TB reactivation. Diagnosing TB in pregnant women is challenging due to overlapping symptoms with normal pregnancy changes. However, early diagnosis is crucial for effective management, with molecular tests offering assistance, although bacterial culture remains the gold standard. High-risk pregnant women include those with close contact with active TB patients, HIV, immunosuppressive conditions, or severe immunocompromised states such as lymphoma, leukemia, or organ transplant recipients. These women should undergo sputum testing for acid-fast bacilli smear, mycobacterial culture, and nucleic acid amplification testing if TB is suspected. Immunosuppressed patients may require further testing, even if interferon-gamma release assays or tuberculin skin tests are negative. Retesting is recommended eight weeks after exposure to infectious TB. The management of TB in pregnancy involves a multidisciplinary approach, including obstetricians, infectious disease specialists, and neonatologists. First-line anti-TB medications are safe during pregnancy and help prevent maternal and perinatal complications. Treatment for latent TB infection (LTBI) is generally delayed until after delivery. Breastfeeding is safe for mothers on first-line anti-TB medications, as drug levels in breast milk are too low to harm the infant. Early diagnosis, prompt treatment, and proper care are essential to reduce TB-related risks during pregnancy.

Folate Metabolism and Its Implications in Pregnancy

Maya Khaerunnisa Puspitasari — 2025-03-10

The impact of folate nutritional status on a variety of pregnancy outcomes has been acknowledged for a considerable period of time. Folate is increasingly recognized not just as a nutrient required to prevent megaloblastic anemia during pregnancy, but also as a vitamin necessary for reproductive health. Folate plays an important role in several metabolic processes including DNA synthesis and methylation. Changes in folate status can affect the stability and integrity of DNA or affect the methylation patterns of some tissues. Folate is required for cell division and cell maintenance, as it acts as a co-enzyme in the transfer and processing of carbon units and plays an important role in the synthesis of nucleotides (thymidine) that are essential for de novo construction or DNA repair. The purpose of this article is to examine the function of folic acid in human health especially in pregnancy and to evaluate the benefits, concerns, and epigenetic effects of maternal FA in light of recent discoveries that are crucial for the development of future research.

Acute Fatty Liver in Pregnancy

Wahyudi Wirawan — 2025-03-10

Acute fatty liver in pregnancy (AFLP) is a rare, life-threatening condition that typically occurs in the third trimester, characterized by fat accumulation in the liver. It is associated with high maternal and fetal morbidity, although mortality rates have decreased with improved obstetric care. AFLP's exact cause remains unclear, though it is linked to impaired fatty acid metabolism in the liver. Key risk factors include multiple pregnancies, male fetuses, and metabolic disorders. The condition presents with non-specific symptoms like nausea, jaundice, and abdominal pain, with progression to liver failure and encephalopathy in severe cases. Early diagnosis is critical, and the Swansea Criteria have proven useful. Management focuses on early delivery and supportive care, with cesarean section preferred due to the risk of fetal distress. Liver transplantation may be necessary for severe cases. While maternal and fetal survival rates have improved, the condition still poses significant challenges, emphasizing the need for prompt diagnosis and treatment.

The Relationship Between Social Support and Work Stress with Burnout in Emergency Installation and Intensive Care Unit

Fendi Ntobuo — 2025-03-10

The purpose of this study is to investigate the connection between burnout from work stress and social support. The nurses at the ICU and emergency room at Dr. Hasri Ainun Habibie. This study takes a quantitative approach and employs a correlational study design. Total sampling was used to collect the samples. There were 40 responders, 24 of whom were ER nurses and 16 of whom were ICU nurses. This study used the multiple correlation approach. According to the study's findings, there is a significant negative relationship between social support and burnout (correlation coefficient value = -73.1%), a positive and significant relationship between job stress and burnout (correlation coefficient value = 41.4%), and a relationship between social support and job stress with burnout (correlation coefficient value = 46.4%). The ER and ICU nurses at Dr. Hasri Ainun Habibie report a jointly significant association between social support and job stress burnout, as indicated by the coefficient of determination value (R square) of 53.5%.

Endocrine Control of Fetal Growth, the Delivery Process, and the Physiology of Childbirth

Merlin Margreth Maelissa — 2025-03-11

Childbirth is a complex physiological process characterized by the expulsion of the fetus from the uterus, marked by uterine contractions and cervical changes. The timing of labor is crucial for favorable pregnancy outcomes and is regulated by the neuroendocrine maturation of the fetus. Hormones like estrogen, progesterone, and human placental lactogen play key roles in fetal growth regulation, with fluctuations influencing birth weight and placental development. Progesterone inhibits labor by relaxing the uterus, while estrogen promotes labor by stimulating uterine contractions and cervical changes. The transition from uterine quiescence to active labor involves multiple stages, from myometrial relaxation to enhanced contractility. Labor progresses through phases, starting with quiescence, followed by the onset of rhythmic contractions, active labor, and concluding with involution. Uterine stretching and the role of fetal lung maturation also contribute to labor initiation, as fetal lung surfactant activates macrophages, leading to inflammation and progesterone withdrawal. This process synchronizes labor timing with fetal lung development. In conclusion, labor is influenced by a combination of endocrine and mechanical factors, including prostaglandins, cytokines, and hormones such as oxytocin and CRH. Proper endocrine regulation ensures timely labor, while disruptions in this system, such as premature or prolonged pregnancies, can lead to increased fetal morbidity and mortality.

Effectiveness of Topical Tranexamic Acid in the Treatment of Melasma

Siti Pandanwangi — 2025-03-11

Melasma is a chronic skin hyperpigmentation condition that often occurs in women of reproductive age, especially in areas exposed to sunlight. One of the therapeutic agents that has attracted attention is tranexamic acid (TXA), which was originally used as an antifibrinolytic agent, but is now known to have an effective mechanism of action in reducing hyperpigmentation. TXA works through plasminogen inhibition, tyrosinase activity, and angiogenesis, as well as providing anti-inflammatory effects. This study uses the PRISMA systematic review method, involving the analysis of 30 relevant articles out of a total of 289 articles identified. The results showed that topical TXA in various formulations, such as creams, gels, or liposomal serums, provided a significant reduction in the Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) score. The combination of TXA with other modalities, such as microneedling, laser, and vitamin C, showed more effective results than monotherapy. Topical TXA is an effective and safe therapeutic agent for melasma, especially in the case of refractory or combination therapies. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness and innovation of new formulations in improving the penetration and efficacy of TXA.

Effectiveness of Oral Tranexamic Acid in the Treatment of Melasma: A Systematic Review

Ahmad Azrul Zuniarto — 2025-03-11

Melasma is a skin condition characterized by hyperpigmented patches, generally appearing on facial areas such as the cheeks, forehead, and upper lip. This condition is more common in women, especially during pregnancy or when using hormonal contraceptives. The factors that cause melasma include sun exposure, hormonal changes, and genetic factors. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness and safety of the use of oral Tranexamic acid (TXA) in the treatment of melasma based on recent studies. The method used by literature search in journals published between 2022–2024 used keywords related to oral TXA and melasma. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were evaluated to compare the outcomes of oral TXA therapy based on dose, duration, and side effects. The results showed that oral TXA was proven to be effective in reducing the Melasma Area Severity Index (MASI) score with a dose of 500–1500 mg/day for 8–12 weeks. A significant decrease in MASI scores was achieved at week 12, showing consistent results across multiple studies. The most commonly reported side effects are gastrointestinal disorders, such as nausea and abdominal pain. Oral TXA does not cause serious side effects at doses up to 4 g/day. Tranexamic acid (TXA) in oral form is an effective and safe therapy in managing melasma. However, further research is needed to determine the ideal duration of treatment and strategies in preventing melasma recurrence.

Determination of Total Flavonoid Content of Raru Bark Extract: Cotylelobium Melanoxylon Pierre at Various Methanol Concentrations and Antibacterial Activity Against Staphylococcus

Mautia Hazizah — 2025-03-13

Raru bark (Cotylelobium melanoxylon (Hook.f) Pierre) is a plant with antidiabetic properties. Raru bark plants contain flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The purpose of this study was to determine the class of secondary metabolites contained in the sample, determine flavonoid levels, and determine antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This research includes processing samples made simplisia, then extracted and thickened using rotary evaporatory. Simplisia was tested for phytochemical screening to determine the content of metabolite compounds, in addition to testing its characteristics. The next test was the determination of total flavonoid content using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Followed by testing antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The results of phytochemical screening obtained flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. Flavonoid levels were 42.4308 ± 2.4739 mgQE/g; 38.1813 ± 1.5799mgQE/g; and 23.8153 ± 3.049276 mgQE/g, respectively. In testing antibacterial activity using concentrations of 10%, 40%, 70%, and 100%, and the highest concentration is found at a concentration of 100% which is 19.83mm.

The Effect of Health Promotion about HIV/AIDS on Adolescents’ Knowledge

Putri Nafa Cindi Tatisina — 2025-03-13

HIV/AIDS is a disease caused by a virus and can result in AIDS if not treated immediately. One factor that can overcome the transmission of HIV/AIDS is knowledge. Knowledge about HIV/AIDS is very much needed in preventing HIV/AIDS. Objective: To determine the effect of health promotion about HIV/AIDS on the knowledge of adolescents at Kaureh State High School. The study used a pre-experimental design with one group pretest posttest, a random sampling technique, a population of students in grades X and XI with a sample size of 52 respondents using a questionnaire and analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. The results obtained knowledge before health promotion was 56.6% and adolescent knowledge after health promotion was 84.3% there was an increase of 27.8% And the results of the Wilcoxon test with a value of -6.208 with a p-value of 0.000 with a significance of 0.05%. A The results show that there is an effect of health promotion about HIV/AIDS on the knowledge of adolescents at Kaureh State High School. Suggestion: Researchers expect that health promotion will be carried out continuously in collaboration with health services and it is hoped that adolescents will seek information about health from various media.

Relationship between Hemodialysis Duration, Hemoglobin, and Creatinine of Hemodialysis Erythropoietin Vaccinated Patients with Covid-19

Munuarti Muhawia — 2025-03-13

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is an abnormality of kidney function and structure, where the glomerular filtration rate is less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m² and kidney damage lasts more than 3 months. The purpose of the study was to clarify the relationship between the length of hemodialysis with Hemoglobin and Creatinine in Hemodialysis patients. The research design used was prospective and retrospective cohort. Retrospective for the period January 2022-January 2023, while for the prospective period February-April 2024. The sample size in this study using convinienvce sampling technique was 259. The results of the study showed that there was a significant relationship between the length of hemodialysis with hemoglobin and creatinine levels with a P-value of 0.001 <0.05.

Nebulized Dexmedetomidine to Reduce Delirium after General Anesthesia Sevoflurane Inhalation in Preschool Children Undergoing Elective Surgery

Jimmy Wongkar — 2025-03-13

Surgery in children remains a major challenge, particularly due to complications such as post-anesthetic delirium, with an incidence rate of up to 80%, especially in preschool-aged children when sevoflurane is the primary agent. Nebulized dexmedetomidine has been shown to reduce the incidence of post-anesthetic delirium with minimal risk of side effects. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of nebulized dexmedetomidine in reducing the incidence of post-anesthetic delirium in preschool-aged children undergoing elective surgery, as part of enhancing recovery after pediatric surgery (ERAPS). This research was a double-blind, randomized controlled trial, involving 72 pediatric patients aged 2–6 years undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia with sevoflurane. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups; Treatment group receiving nebulized dexmedetomidine 2 mcg/kg (n=36) and Control group receiving nebulized normal saline (n=36). The primary outcome was the incidence of delirium during recovery at 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes, assessed using the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) Scale. Statistical analysis revealed a significantly lower incidence of post-anesthetic delirium in the nebulized dexmedetomidine group (19.4%) compared to the control group (52.8%) at 15, 30, and 60 minutes (p<0.05), with a reduction in proportion by 33.4% (p=0.003). Relative risk analysis (RR = 0.427, 95% CI: 0.218–0.835; PF = 0.631) demonstrated that dexmedetomidine provides protective effects and significantly reduces the incidence of post-anesthetic delirium in preschool-aged children undergoing elective surgery with sevoflurane inhalational anesthesia. No side effects requiring intervention were observed during this study.

Comparison of Inflammation, Pain, and Recovery in Colorectal Cancer Patients Undergoing Surgery with General Anesthesia and Combined Epidural

Ignatio Armando Kenzi — 2025-03-13

Colorectal cancer has a high incidence and mortality rate. Surgery can increase the cytokine IL-6 which triggers inflammation and metastasis. The combination of general and epidural anesthesia has the potential to suppress IL-6, improve the tumor microenvironment, provide analgesia and improve postoperative recovery. To compare the effectiveness of postoperative analgesia quality in colorectal cancer patients receiving general anesthesia with combined epidural anesthesia. The single blind RCT study involved 44 patients who underwent surgery on colorectal cancer at Prof. Ngoerah Hospital. The study subjects were divided into two groups, group K who received general anesthesia and group P who received general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia. Patients' IL-6 will be evaluated preoperatively and 6 hours postoperatively. VAS and QOR-15 will be assessed 24 hours postoperatively. Of the 44 patients analyzed, the combined general anesthesia with epidural anesthesia group showed a significantly lower difference in IL-6 levels compared to the general anesthesia alone group of -14.69 [95% CI, p = <0.001]. The 24-hour postoperative VAS score was significantly lower than conventional general anesthesia, both in stationary and mobile conditions. In postoperative recovery, it was found that conventional general anesthesia combined with epdiural anesthesia gave greater QOR-15 results compared to conventional general anesthesia. General anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia in colorectal cancer patients undergoing surgery can provide a lower difference in IL-6, lower VAS and higher QOR-15 postoperative satisfaction than the general anesthesia group.

Relationships between Clinical Outcomes of Coronary Heart Disease of Covid-19 Vaccinated Patients with Hypertension

Lia Susika — 2025-03-13

Coronary heart disease is a disease caused by blockage or narrowing of the coronary arteries due to the process of atherosclerosis which supplies blood flow to the heart and is one of the leading causes of death in the world, and one of the factors causing coronary heart disease is hypertension. Research Purposes: The Relationship between Clinical Outcomes of Coronary Heart Disease Who Have Received the Covid-19 Vaccine and Hypertension at a hospital in Jakarta. Research methods: namely Using a prospective and retrospective cohort analytical observation design. Data collection was conducted at one of the hospitals in Jakarta, between January 2022 - May 2024. Research result: from 110 coronary heart disease patients who had received the covid-19 vaccine, based on gender, the largest number was male with 58 (52.7%), with age <60 years totaling 56 (50.9%), hypertension as many as 103 (93.6%). and the relationship between clinical outcomes of coronary heart disease who had received the covid-19 vaccine and hypertension based on age with the chi square test obtained a p value = 0.544% (p> 0.05%), gender p = 1,000 (p> 0.05%) which is not significant, while the relationship between clinical outcomes of coronary heart disease who had received the covid 19 vaccine and hypertension based on the chi square test obtained a p value = 0.027% (P <0.05%) which is significant. This is due to several other risk factors besides hypertension that are interrelated such as unhealthy lifestyle changes, smoking and an unbalanced diet.

In Silico Study of Gamma-Mangostin Compound from Garcinia Mangostana L. Fruit Skin and Activity Test as an Alpha Amylase Inhibitor

Kurniawan Kurniawan — 2025-03-13

The aim of this study is to determine the interaction between the gamma-mangostin compound and the α-amylase enzyme using molecular docking modeling and in vitro. The results of molecular docking showed that all compounds could interact with the active site of the α-amylase enzyme. The gamma-mangostin compound has a fairly negative binding affinity. The binding affinity score of the compound was then compared with the control, namely the carbohydrate inhibitor acarbose. The results showed that the binding affinity quite close to the control, namely -9.1 kcal/mol, while the control was -16.4 kcal/mol, but the score was not negative enough. Interaction of the target protein with the alpha amylase compound to determine the amino acid residues on the active side of the protein. The results showed that there were hydrogen, alkyl and van der waals bonds on the active side of the protein that were the same as the control. In silico and in vitro, the gamma-mangostin compound has the potential to reduce blood sugar levels with an α-amylase inhibitor, in vitro with percentage of 43.33% approaching the positive control, namely acarbose, which is 56.25% at a concentration of 200 ppm and an IC50 value of 166.06 ppm.