Journal La Medihealtico

A 26-Year-Old Male with Post-Traumatic Cephalgia: Case Report

2025-05-08T11:29:55+07:00

Post-Traumatic Headaches (PTH) is the most frequent complaint after Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). According to ICHD-3 Post-Traumatic Headaches (PTH) is the most common secondary headache disorder, accounting for around 4% of all headache symptoms that begin in 7 days after head injury, craniotomy or post-traumatic awareness. The main risk factors for PTH include a history of migraines or headaches, female gender, younger age, more severe head injury, and concurrent psychological symptoms, such as anxiety and depression. The clinical profile of PTH varies based on headache onset, duration, and severity. Pharmacological treatment often consists of analgesics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, tricyclic antidepressants, or antiepileptic drugs. PTH treatment has two components: acute treatment and prophylaxis. Analgesics (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs]) or certain anti-headache medications (triptans) are used for acute treatment.

The Effect of Nigella Sativa L. Extract on Blood Glucose Levels in Alloxan-Induced Hyperglycemic Mus musculus

2025-05-08T11:31:01+07:00

Hyperglycemia is one of the conditions of increasing blood glucose levels. There are various treatment options in patients with hyperglycemia, one of which is non-drug therapy with traditional medicine. A traditional medicinal plant with various benefits, namely black cumin which is known to have a variety of ingredients that can lower blood glucose levels. Knowing the effect of black cumin extract on blood glucose levels in mice with alloxane-induced hyperglycemia. The research design used was a pre and post test with control group design with a total sample of 27 mice divided into 3 groups where each group consisted of 9 heads. Group 1 is the control group while group 2 and group 3 will be treated respectively. The analysis was carried out with a paired sample t-test to see the differences between each group before and after treatment. The results of the study on the average blood glucose levels before treatment and after the administration of black cumin treatment there were changes in each group obtained a significance value of 0.000 at both doses of black cumin extract. Based on the results obtained, it is known that black cumin extract can reduce blood glucose levels where the greater the dose is directly proportional to the decrease in blood glucose levels.

Relationship Between Eosinophil Levels and Histopathological Grading of Colorectal Carcinoma

2025-05-08T11:32:05+07:00

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multifactorial disease and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. CRC ranks as the second most common cancer globally and the third most frequently diagnosed malignancy worldwide. Several studies have suggested that elevated eosinophil levels in peripheral blood correlate with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer cases. This study aims to analyze the relationship between eosinophil levels and histopathological grading of colorectal carcinoma by evaluating peripheral blood eosinophil counts in correlation with CRC histopathology grading. This research employs a descriptive-correlational approach, utilizing univariate and bivariate analyses. The study findings indicate a significant correlation between eosinophil levels and histopathological grading of colorectal carcinoma at Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital, Makassar.

Pattern of Cytology and Lung Biopsy Findings in Patients with Chronic Inflammation, Atypical Lesions and Cancer by Age Group

2025-05-08T11:32:50+07:00

Lung diseases, both non-neoplastic such as chronic pneumonia and neoplastic such as lung cancer, have similar clinical characteristics so that they are difficult to differentiate. Cytological studies and lung biopsies are important diagnostic methods in determining the pattern of findings between the two conditions, especially when related to the patient's age group. This study used a retrospective descriptive design to analyze patterns of cytology and lung biopsy findings in patients with chronic lung inflammation, inflammation with atypical cells, and lung cancer based on age group. Data was taken from patient medical records at Sidawangi Hospital, West Java, in the period July 2024 – January 2025. Of the 109 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 87 patients were diagnosed with chronic pneumonia and 36 patients with lung cancer. The results showed that the average age of lung cancer patients was 62.78 years, while chronic lung inflammation patients had an average age of 56.12 years. Patients with atypical lesions had a mean age of 47.82 years. These findings indicate differences in cytology and lung biopsy patterns between chronic pneumonia and lung cancer patients, with a higher prevalence of lung cancer in the elderly.

The Effect of Suplementation Omega-3 on Sputum Conversion, Body Mass Index, Interleukin-6 and Monocyte Lymphocyte Ratio in the Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2025-05-08T11:33:40+07:00

Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by Mycobacteriun Tuberculosis. Its cases continue to increase both in Indonesia, and in the world. Efforts to increase the success rate of TB treatment and reduce the level of transmission need to continue to be developed, one of which is with additional therapy in its treatment. Omega-3 has anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial potential, which is predicted to increase the success of TB treatment, as seen from sputum conversion, increased body mass index (BMI) and important inflammatory parameters in TB infection namely interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte lymphocyte ratio (MLR) values. This study was conducted to determine the effect of Omega-3 addition on sputum conversion, BMI, IL-6 levels and MLR values in pulmonary tuberculosis treatment. Experimental study with consecutive sampling in drug-sensitive pulmonary TB patients who were given additional Omega-3 dose of 1,200 mg (@600mg/capsule), compared with the control group. Each sample was monitored for sputum conversion, BMI, IL-6 levels and MLR values at week 0 (m0), week 4 (m4) and week 8 (m8). In this study, there was a significant effect of adding Omega-3 on reducing IL-6 levels (p= 0.013), reducing MLR values (p= 0.005) and increasing BMI (p= 0.047) but no significant effect on sputum conversion (p= 1,000). The addition of Omega-3 had a significant effect on reducing IL-6 levels, reducing MLR values and increasing BMI, but did not have a significant effect on sputum conversion in pulmonary TB treatment.

Vitamin D and its Role in Cell Cycle Dynamics: A Review of the Molecular and Clinical Studies

2025-05-08T11:34:42+07:00

Vitamin D is an essential nutrient that not only plays a role in calcium homeostasis and bone health, but also has broad functions in the regulation of various biological processes, including cell cycle dynamics. This study aims to examine in depth the role of vitamin D in cell cycle dynamics based on evidence from molecular and clinical studies. The method used was qualitative research with a literature study approach, where data was collected from relevant articles such as PubMed, EuropePMC, and Google Scholar. Analysis was carried out through the process of filtering, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that vitamin D in its active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, interacts with the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in cells and modulates the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation. This mechanism involves an increase in the expression of cell cycle inhibitory genes, such as p21 and p27, and a decrease in the expression of cell cycle promoting genes, such as cyclin D1, which contributes to the arrest effect on the cell cycle. Thus, in addition to being important for bone health, vitamin D has a significant role in cell cycle regulation, and its deficiency can increase the risk of various diseases, including cancer. Therefore, maintaining optimal vitamin D levels through sun exposure, consumption of foods rich in vitamin D, or supplementation is essential. Further research is needed to understand the role of vitamin D in genetic regulation, particularly in relation to cancer.

Malnutrition with Secondary Hypothyroidism in Children: A Case Report and Pathophysiological Review of Patients in One of the Hospitals in Surabaya

2025-05-08T11:35:28+07:00

Malnutrition in children remains a global health problem that has a broad impact on growth, development and metabolic balance. One complication that receives less attention is secondary hypothyroidism, a condition that occurs due to metabolic adaptation to prolonged energy deficit. This situation can worsen the patient's prognosis and increase the risk of neurological complications and infections. This case report aims to describe the clinical course of a child with severe malnutrition who experienced secondary hypothyroidism and discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the link between malnutrition and thyroid dysfunction. Case: A 2 year 1 month old boy with a body weight of 5 kg (< -3 SD) and a height of 69 cm presented with complaints of diarrhea, fever, recurrent cough and episodes of seizures. Laboratory examination showed leukocytosis, increased CRP, and electrolyte disturbances. Evaluation of thyroid function revealed low FT4 levels (0.85 ng/dL) with depressed TSH (0.19 µIU/mL), leading to a diagnosis of secondary hypothyroidism. Metabolic adaptations due to malnutrition lead to decreased production of thyroid binding proteins as well as low TSH secretion in response to metabolic stress. This situation contributes to a slowdown in metabolism and worsens nutritional recovery, as well as increasing the risk of infectious and neurological complications. The literature supports that secondary hypothyroidism in children with malnutrition is reversible with optimal nutritional recovery. A multidisciplinary approach that includes clinical stabilization, electrolyte correction, and monitoring of thyroid function is very important in the management of children with malnutrition and secondary hypothyroidism.

Social Determinants and Community Behavior Against Implementation of the Covid-19 Health Protocol: Systematic Review

2025-05-08T11:36:10+07:00

The incidence of coronavirus disease (Covid-19) is the latest challenge facing the international community. Health protocols such as social distancing, wearing masks, washing hands and limiting community activities are implemented in the community to prevent a spike in coronavirus cases. The policy of implementing health protocols in the community results in the community itself not complying with the guidelines. For this reason, researchers conducted research to determine social determinants and explanations of community behavior regarding the implementation of the 2019 coronavirus disease (Covid-19) health protocol. This study used a systematic review design where researchers searched for articles from the Google Scholar and PubMed databases. From the search results, six articles were then considered that met the inclusion criteria. Findings show that community knowledge, education, attitudes and behavior, age and gender influence the implementation of medical procedures related to COVID-19. Factors that influence the implementation of health protocols to prevent the spread of the corona virus disease (Covid-19) in society include awareness of the implementation of health protocols, limited infrastructure, limited health personnel; and public attitudes towards health protocols. Apart from that, behavioral, psychosocial and cognitive factors of the population in accordance with socio-cultural, demographic and health characteristics also influence the implementation of health protocols during the COVID-19 pandemic. The need for community attitudes such as the perception of high risk of COVID-19 encourages individuals to follow health protocols with more discipline, and the existence of social environmental support such as positive social interactions can increase individual motivation to comply with existing rules.

Analysis of Treatment Compliance Factors in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2025-05-08T11:36:54+07:00

Non-compliance with taking medication in DM patients can reduce a person's quality of life and become the main cause of a number of microvascular problems. Therefore, complex problems related to diabetes are one of the global health problems that must be addressed immediately. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to medication compliance in type 2 DM patients. This study used a mixed method study approach or a combination of two types of research, namely quantitative research and qualitative research. The type of mixed method research design used is explanatory sequential design. The sampling method in this study was by proportional sampling. Furthermore, to determine the target sample, a simple random block sampling technique was used, namely 347 DM patients. The results of the analysis showed no significant relationship between gender p-value = 1,000 (> 0.05), education p-value = 0.232 (>, 0.05), knowledge p-value = 0.076 (> 0.05), dxuration of suffering p-value = 0.162 (> 0.05), belief p-value = 0.680 (> 0.05), access to health services p-value = 0.602 (> 0.05), and there was a significant relationship between family support and DM treatment compliance with p-value = 0.020 (<0.05). The conclusion of this study is that more than half of DM patients have low treatment compliance, are female, have low education, have a duration of <5 years, have access to health that takes a long time, and lack of family support. More than half of DM patients have high knowledge and positive beliefs.

Training on Making Modified Formula Food Made from Green Beans and Anchovies: Stunting Prevention Strategy

2025-05-08T12:05:04+07:00

The main cause of stunting is the lack of nutritional intake since the golden period of the first life of toddler growth. Education through counseling, demonstration, and practice is very good and necessary because it has a very important role in the implementation of integrated health posts, with increased nutritional knowledge that will affect the PMT provided, and socialization delivered to mothers of toddlers. This study aims to analyze the effect of training on modified food formula made from green beans and anchovies on knowledge and attitudes. This study is a quasi-experimental research. The target of the training was 30 consisting of health cadres, PKK mothers, and mothers who have babies/toddlers at risk of stunting. The training was conducted for 2 days. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using a paired t-test. The results showed a significant change in the average knowledge and attitudes of training participants (p-value <0.05). This finding provides a new understanding of efforts to prevent stunting.

Relationship between Compliance and Effectivness of Tuberculosis Drugs in TB Patients

2025-05-08T12:05:01+07:00

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Analyzing TB treatment compliance is crucial since TB therapy involves a lengthy course of treatment that might last up to six months without interruption. since one of the things that might help TB patients recover is compliance. The purpose of this study is to ascertain how drug usage efficacy and compliance relate to TB patients at Kedawung Health Center in the Cirebon Regency. This study employs a causal quantitative approach. 35 respondents who had received category 1 TB therapy and had completed at least two BTA sputum exams or supporting examinations (X-rays) made up the sample, which was selected using the purposive sampling strategy. the process of gathering compliance data using the MMAS-8 questionnaire and efficacy data (BTA sputum) using SITB software throughout the first, second, fifth, and/or sixth months of TB therapy. The chi square test was employed in the analysis. Findings High category (85.7%), moderate category (8.6%), and low category (5.7%) TB patients' adherence to TB medication usage. The efficacy of TB medication usage in patients with the effective (94.3%) and ineffective (5.7%) categories. Among TB patients, there is a high correlation between adherence and the efficacy of TB medication usage. At Kedawung Health Center, there is a strong correlation between compliance and sociodemographics regarding the duration of treatment for TB drug use in TB patients, as well as a strong correlation between effectiveness and sociodemographics regarding the duration of treatment for TB drug use in TB patients.

Antibacterial Activity of Katang-Katang Leaf Extract Gel against Staphyloccus Aureus

2025-05-08T12:04:59+07:00

Infectious diseases are one of the health problems faced by developing countries such as Indonesia. Various methods are used to treat skin infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, one of which is traditionally using plants, namely katang-katang leaves which have active compounds of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins and tannins as antibacterials. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the gel preparation of katang-katang leaf extract (Ipomea pes-caprae) to determine the concentration that has the greatest antibacterial activity and to determine the physical properties. Gel preparations were made with concentrations of 15%, 20%, and 25%. The test method was carried out using the in vitro disc diffusion method and physical properties tests were carried out which included organoleptic tests, homogeneity tests, pH tests, spreadability tests, adhesion tests and viscosity tests. Data analysis was carried out using normality tests, homogeneity tests, anova and post hoc test. The results of research testing the antibacterial activity of katang-katang leaf extract gel at a concentration of 15% was 3.27 mm, 20% was 4.97%, 25% was 5.97 mm, K+ was 10.97 mm and K- was 0 mm. Katang-katang leaf extract gel has antbacterial activity that is not equivalent to the positive control, katang-katang leaf extract gel does not meet the preparation evaluation requirements and is unstable during storage. From these results it can be concluded that the katang-katang leaf extract gel has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and the katang-katang leaf extract gel does meet the preparation evaluation requirements and is unstable during storage.

Mapping and Analysis of Stunting Risk Factors in East Java

2025-05-10T09:38:21+07:00

The prevalence of stunting in East Java Province was recorded at 17.7%, where this figure has been below the maximum limit of the WHO stunting prevalence, but still has not reached the Ministry of Health's performance target. The purpose of this study is to provide information about the distribution of stunting cases and their risk factors visually through maps, as well as to identify factors that affect the prevalence of stunting in East Java Province in 2023. This study uses a quantitative research design with cross sectional. The population in this study is districts/cities in East Java Province in 2023, which is 38 districts/cities. The sample in this study is the entire total population. The analysis used was multiple linear mapping and regression, using GeoDa software. The mapping results showed that the highest prevalence of stunting was found in Jember Regency, Lumajang Regency, Probolinggo Regency, and Probolinggo City. The results of the multiple linear regression test showed that the percentage of exclusive breastfeeding in infants < 6 months significantly (p=0.01227) had an effect on reducing the prevalence of stunting. Population density (p=0.09750), number of posyandu (p=0.94130), percentage of households with access to healthy latrines (p=0.76093), and number of villages/sub-districts with 5 STBM pillars (p=0.9414) did not have a significant effect on reducing the prevalence of stunting. It is hoped that the results of this study can be used to develop more effective intervention programs in reducing the prevalence of stunting in East Java Province, such as focusing on exclusive breastfeeding in 1,000 HPK.

Analysis of Availability and Spatial Distribution Patterns and Accessibility of Health Facilities in Regional Development

2025-05-10T09:37:47+07:00

This study aims to analyze the availability, spatial distribution patterns, and accessibility of health facilities in Batam Kota District in order to support regional development. The availability of health facilities in Batam Kota District consists of hospitals, health centers, sub-health centers, clinics, and pharmacies spread across various sub-districts. Spatial analysis methods are used to identify the distribution patterns of health facilities, while accessibility analysis is carried out by taking into account the distance and travel time from the center of the settlement. The results of the study indicate that health facilities in Batam Kota District have a clustered distribution pattern in hospitals and a random pattern in health centers, clinics, and pharmacies. Accessibility to health facilities is quite good, but there is an imbalance in the distribution of facilities, especially in sub-districts with high population density. SWOT analysis identifies the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats related to the development of health facilities in this area. In conclusion, there needs to be more equitable development of health facilities, additional medical personnel, and utilization of infrastructure to improve access and quality of health services, in order to support sustainable regional development in Batam Kota District.

Demographic Profile of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients

2025-05-10T09:37:02+07:00

Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) represents a significant global health challenge with complex treatment and control issues. In Bekasi Regency, a metropolitan area with high population density, DR-TB incidence shows an increase requiring special attention. This study aims to identify the demographic profile of DR-TB patients to understand disease distribution characteristics and design appropriate management strategies. A descriptive study conducted at Bekasi Regency Hospital from October 2022 to October 2024. Data collected through MDR-TB outpatient medical records identified via Molecular Quick Test. Variables studied included age, gender, district of residence, and education level. Data analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in tables, diagrams, and graphs. Among 338 DR-TB patients, the majority were aged 41-50 years (27.1%), with male patient dominance (61.5%). Tambun Selatan District had the highest cases (16.9%), with a population density of 10,063 people/km². Most patients were high school graduates (74.3%), with 89.6% originating from Bekasi Regency. The demographic profile of DR-TB patients at Bekasi Regency Hospital shows patterns similar to general tuberculosis cases. Tambun Selatan District exhibits the highest spread risk, indicating the need for targeted interventions in DR-TB prevention and control.